Street networks (SNs) are a backbone of urban design and transport planning that facilitate socio-economic activities. Metrics on the performance of SNs could provide crucial information for urban design and transport policy. For example, a high density of streets with orthogonal patterns indicates good connectivity that promotes walking and biking. In contrast, the presence of large numbers of cul-de-sacs indicates disconnectedness, particularly between the residential streets and secondary or commercial streets. A high average circuity of streets increases travel distances from origins to destinations, which requires that road users consume more time and energy during their commutes. Additionally, a city with a large number of one-way streets and a high density of nodes and edges facilitates the flow of traffic, but a city with a high rate of “betweenness centrality” risks disrupted traffic flows.

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